Glossary

Kerosene

Deutsch: Kerosin / Español: Queroseno / Português: Querosene / Français: Kérosène / Italiano: Cherosene

Kerosene, in its most basic form, is a combustible hydrocarbon liquid commonly used as a fuel in the aviation industry and for heating purposes. It is derived from the fractional distillation of petroleum between 150°C and 275°C, resulting in a mixture of carbon chains that typically contain between 6 and 16 carbon atoms per molecule.

General Description

Kerosene plays a crucial role in the industrial and manufacturing sectors due to its versatility and energy efficiency. It is primarily known for its use as jet fuel, where its high energy content and ability to remain liquid at a wide range of temperatures make it ideal for powering aircraft. Beyond aviation, kerosene is used as a heating fuel in portable heaters and as a component in diesel fuel blends to improve cold weather performance. Its characteristics, such as a relatively high flash point compared to gasoline, make it safer to handle and store, contributing to its widespread use in various industries.

Kerosene's importance extends to its role in manufacturing processes, where it is utilized as a solvent, cleaning agent, and in some cases, as a lubricant. Its solvent properties are valuable in the pharmaceutical, paint, and cosmetics industries for extracting, diluting, and transporting various substances.

Application Areas & Well-Known Examples

  • Aviation Industry: Used as jet fuel (Jet A and Jet A-1) to power commercial and military aircraft.
  • Manufacturing Sector: Employed as a solvent and cleaning agent in the production of various goods.
  • Home Heating: In regions without access to natural gas pipelines, kerosene is a common heating fuel.
  • Portable Lighting: Before the widespread availability of electricity, kerosene lamps were a primary source of lighting.

Risks

The use of kerosene, while widespread, carries certain risks and challenges. These include environmental pollution from emissions when burned, the potential for spills and leaks leading to soil and water contamination, and health hazards associated with inhalation or direct contact, such as respiratory issues and skin irritation.

Treatment

Mitigating the risks associated with kerosene involves strict adherence to safety guidelines for storage and handling, implementing spill prevention and response plans, and investing in cleaner, more sustainable alternatives where possible. In terms of environmental and health impacts, regulatory measures and ongoing research into low-emission fuels are crucial.

History and Legal Basics

Kerosene has a rich history dating back to the 19th century when it was first distilled from coal and oil shale. Its development was pivotal in lighting homes and streets before the electric light bulb. Legally, the production, distribution, and use of kerosene are subject to various safety and environmental regulations to minimize its impact on health and the environment.

Examples of Sentences

  • "The aircraft was fueled with kerosene before its transatlantic flight."
  • "Kerosene heaters provide a cost-effective solution for winter heating in remote areas."
  • "Manufacturers use kerosene as a solvent to clean machinery and parts."

Similar Terms or Synonyms

  • Aviation fuel
  • Paraffin (in some regions)
  • Fuel oil

Weblinks

Summary

Kerosene is a versatile and energy-efficient hydrocarbon fuel, predominantly used in the aviation industry but also significant in manufacturing, heating, and lighting. Despite its benefits, kerosene usage poses environmental and health risks, necessitating careful management and the pursuit of sustainable alternatives. Its historical significance and continued importance highlight its role in the industrial and technological advancement of society.

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